IiPterosauria zazingezizo iidinosaur konke konke.

I-Pterosauria: Andingo "dinosaur ebhabhayo"

Ngokwengqondo yethu, iidinosaur zaziziinkosi zomhlaba kumaxesha amandulo. Sithatha lula ukuba izilwanyana ezifanayo ngelo xesha zonke zahlulwe kudidi lweedinosaur. Ngoko ke, iiPterosauria zaba “ziidinosaur ezibhabhayo”. Enyanisweni, iiPterosauria zazingezizo iidinosaur!

Iidinosaur zibhekisa kwizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo zasemhlabeni ezinokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo, ngaphandle kweepterosaur. IiPterosauria zizirhubuluzi ezibhabhayo, kunye needinosaur zombini ziyinxalenye yemijelo ye-Ornithodira yokuzivelela. Oko kukuthi, iipterosauria kunye needinosaur zifana "nabazala". Zizalamane ezisondeleyo, kwaye ziindlela ezimbini zokuzivelela ezaziphila ngexesha elinye, kwaye ukhokho wazo wamva nje ubizwa ngokuba yi-Ornithischiosaurus.

Uphuhliso lwamaphiko

Umhlaba wawulawulwa ziidinosaur, kwaye isibhakabhaka sasilawulwa ziipterosaur. Ziyintsapho, kutheni enye isezulwini kwaye enye isemhlabeni?

Kwintshona yePhondo laseLiaoning eTshayina, kwafunyanwa iqanda le-pterosauria elalityumkile kodwa alizange libonise zimpawu zokuqhekeka. Kwabonwa ukuba ii-membrane zamaphiko ee-embryos ezingaphakathi zikhule kakuhle, nto leyo ethetha ukuba i-pterosauria inokubhabha kungekudala emva kokuzalwa.

Uphando olwenziwe ziingcali ezininzi lubonise ukuba ii-pterosauria zokuqala zavela kwiintlanzi ezincinci, ezinambuzane, ezinemilenze emide ezifana neScleromochlus, ezazine-membranes kwimilenze yazo yangasemva, zisiya emzimbeni okanye emsila. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yesidingo sokusinda nokuzingela, ulusu lwazo lwaba lukhulu kwaye kancinci kancinci lwakhula lwaba yimo efana namaphiko. Ngoko ke zazinokuqhutywa phezulu kwaye kancinci kancinci zibe zizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezibhabhayo.

Iifosili zibonisa ukuba okokuqala la madoda mancinci ayengengo mancinci nje kuphela, kodwa kwanokwakheka kwamathambo emaphikweni kwakungacacanga. Kodwa kancinci kancinci, aguqukela esibhakabhakeni, kwaye iphiko elikhulu, elinemisila emifutshane elibhabhayo iPterosauria lathatha indawo “yee-dwarfs” kancinci kancinci, laza ekugqibeleni laba ligunya lomoya.

Ngowama-2001, kwafunyanwa ifosili ye-pterosauria eJamani. Amaphiko efosili agcinwe kancinci. Izazinzulu zayikhanyisa ngokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet zaza zafumanisa ukuba amaphiko ayo ayelulwelwesi lwesikhumba olunemithambo yegazi, izihlunu kunye nemicu emide. Imicu inokuxhasa amaphiko, kwaye ulwelwesi lwesikhumba lunokutsalwa ngokuqinileyo, okanye lugotywe njengefeni. Kwaye ngo-2018, iifosili ezimbini ze-pterosauria ezafunyanwa eTshayina zabonisa ukuba nazo zazineentsiba zakudala, kodwa ngokungafaniyo neentsiba zeentaka, iintsiba zazo zazincinci kwaye zithambile ngakumbi ezinokusetyenziselwa ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba.

Kunzima ukubhabha

Uyazi? Phakathi kweefosili ezifunyenweyo, amaphiko e-pterosauria enkulu anokwanda abe ziimitha ezili-10. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba nokuba zinamaphiko amabini, ezinye ii-pterosauria ezinkulu azinakundindiza ixesha elide nelide njengeentaka, kwaye abanye abantu bade bacinge ukuba azinakundindiza kwaphela! Kuba zinzima kakhulu!

Nangona kunjalo, indlela i-pterosauria eyayibhabha ngayo ayikacaci. Ezinye izazinzulu zicinga ukuba mhlawumbi i-pterosauria ayizange isebenzise ukutyibilika njengeentaka, kodwa amaphiko azo azivelela ngokwawo, enza isakhiwo esingaqhelekanga se-aerodynamic. Nangona i-pterosauria enkulu yayifuna amalungu aqinileyo ukuze isuke emhlabeni, kodwa amathambo amakhulu ayenza yaba nzima kakhulu. Kungekudala, bafumanisa indlela! Amathambo ephiko le-pterosauria aguquka aba ziityhubhu ezingenanto ezineendonga ezincinci, nto leyo eyabavumela ukuba "banciphise ubunzima" ngempumelelo, babe bhetyebhetye ngakumbi kwaye babe lula, kwaye banokubhabha lula kakhulu.

Abanye bathi ii-pterosauria azizange zikwazi ukubhabha nje kuphela, kodwa zazibhabha njengeenkozi ukuze zihlasele iintlanzi ezivela phezu kolwandle, amachibi, kunye nemilambo. Ukubhabha kwavumela ii-pterosauria ukuba zihambe imigama emide, zibalekele izilwanyana ezizingelayo kwaye ziphuhlise iindawo ezintsha zokuhlala.

IWebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Kawah Dinosaur:www.kawahdinosaur.com